A. DEFINITION
OF REPORT
Report Text is one of the 13 types
of English texts (genres) that presents
information about things like nature, animals, plants, products of human
endeavor and social phenomena, as it is. The information presented in the
Report Text is the result of systematic observation and analysis. A report is
essentially a description that classifies and describes things in general and
specific terms.
B. PURPOUSE OF REPORT.
to inform
(Hardy dan Klarwein, 1990)
to provide
information about natural and non-natural phenomena (Hammond, dkk., 1992)
to document,
organize and store factual information on a topic, classify and describe the
phenomena of our world - about a whole class of things (not about one specific thing) - about living
things like plants and animals, and non-living things like phones, bikes, or
oceans. (Derewianka, 1990)
to describe the
way things are, with reference to a range of natural, man-made and social
phenomena in our environment (Gerot dan Wignell, 1994)
to describe the
way things are, with reference to a whole range of phenomena, natural,
synthetic and social in our environment (Callaghan dan Rothery, 1988)
There are the elements of usefulness
of that can be extracted from the above statements.
· Provide factual information to
· Non-natural
and natural phenomena
· Whole class
of Things
· To classify
· To describe
C. GENERIC
STRUCTURE OF REPORT
1.
General
classification:
Stating classification of
general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be
discussed in general.
2.
Description:
Describing the thing which
will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature
and usage for materials
There are also some generic
information about the report text structure, that is:
1. General information:
the
part that
mentions the general information of literary
themes.
2. Bundles of Specific Information:
the elaboration of this
general information.
D. LANGUAGE FEATURE OF REPORT
§
Using conditional logical
connection; when, so, etc
§
Using simple present tense
§ Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than
particular nouns, eg our dog;
§ Use of Relating verbs to describe features, eg
Molecules are tiny particles;
§ Some use of action verbs when describing behavior, eg
Emus can not fly;
§ Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness,
eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
§ Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on
a weather map;
§ Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise
bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of
the clause.
E. DIFFERENCES IN THE REPORT AND
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
1.
Report:
- General Structure:
a. General Statement
b. description
2.
Descrition:
- General Structure:
a. Identification
b. description
Ø Part
of unity of thing
Description is a
type of text that contains a description of something. To describe that
describes the means, then type this text tells something obvious, so regardless
of the object described, the reader
or listener could
almost see the object clearly. Almost similar to the text genre REPORT. But of
course there are differences. Report tells something general, but Description
text tells only one of the specified
object.
In
short, the Report Text describing something
that usually refers to the phenomena of nature, animals, and scientific objects.
Report Text written
after getting careful observation. This scientific
tekhnikal makes a
clear difference of Descriptive
Text.
F.
EXAMPLE
OF REPORT TEXT
Hello
friends, thank you for the time given to me. Here I want to tell you about the
king of the jungle. Do you know the Lion? Well, I think you have seen a Lion in
the television or in the zoo. Well guys, Lion is a carnivore, and it is a wild
animal. You can find a Lion in the African jungle, you also can find it in the
savannah and forest.
A
Lion looks like a cat but it is bigger than a cat. The male Lion has mane, it
is bigger than the female. Friends? Do you know that Lion is a great hunter?
They can run very fast like a horse. They have strong and sharp claws to catch
their prey. Its fangs are very strong. Emmm. . . Lion likes to eat zebra,
buffaloes, or deer. And guys, you must know that Lion is a good listener
because it can hear voice from until 100 until 150 meters.
Well
friends, I think that’s all about the king of the jungle. And it’s time for me
to leave. I hope this short report will be useful for you. Ok guys, thank you
for your attention. See you bye, , bye. .
What Is Thunder and Lightning?
Lightning is a
sudden, violent fl ash of electricity between a cloud and the ground, or from
cloud to cloud. A lightning fl ash, or bolt, can be several miles long. It is
so hot, with an average temperature of 34,000° Centigrade, that the air around
it suddenly expands with a loud blast. This is the thunder we hear.
Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height.
It forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough,
the moisture freezes and ice crystals and snowfl akes are formed. These begin
to fall, turning to rain on the way down. This rain meets more moist air
rising, and it is the friction between them which produces static electricity.
When a cloud is fully charged with this electricity, it discharges it as a
lightning fl ash.
KANGAROO
A kangaroo is an animal found only in Australia, although it has a
smaller relative, called a wallaby, which lives on the Australian island of
Tasmania and also in New Guinea.
Kangaroos
eat grass and plants. They have short front legs, but very long, and very
strong back legs and a tail. These are used for sitting up and for jumping.
Kangaroos have been known to make forward jumps of over eight metres, and leap
across fences more than three metres high. They can also run at speeds of over
45 kilometres per hour.
The
largest kangaroos are the Great Grey Kangaroo and the Red Kangaroo. Adult grow
to a length of 1.60 metres and weigh over 90 kilos.
Kangaroos
are marsupials. This means that the female kangaroo has an external pouch on
the front of her body. A baby kangaroo is very tiny when it is born, and it
crawls at once into this pouch where it spends its first five months of life
